"Living systems are cognitive systems, and living as a process is a process of cognition. This statement is valid for all organisms, with or without a nervous system."
sistem hidup adalah sistem kognisi,dan kehidupan dalam proses-proses adalah kognisi.pernyataan ini menjelma di seluruh organisme,dengan atau tanpa sistem syaraf.
ini adalah sebait pernyataan atau lebih tepatnya sebuah hipotesa yang ditawarkan oleh Maturana.
Humberto Maturana ilmuwan kelahiran Santiago,Chile dan berdiam disana(bekerja sebagai neurosaintis di pusat riset "Biologia del Conocer") namun perkembangan pendidikannya banyak dihabiskan di Amerika.Disana Prof.Maturana bertemu dengan banyak sekali jenius-jenius lain yang memberinya sebuah pertanyaan,bagaimanakah?apakah?darimanakah?dan mampukah sebuah sistem mempertahankan dirinya didalam kubangan kompleksitas-kompleksitas.
Yang oleh Alexander Bogdanov,seorang ilmuwan yang lain lagi dari Rusia,diberi nama Tektology.
Mampukah sebuah sistem mempertahankan diri dalam artian jauh dari keseimbangan.sebuah sistem apakah,yang terbuka secara energi namun tertutup secara organisasional selain dari organisme hidup yang tidak hanya mempertahankan kehidupan tetapi juga mengembangkan proses-prosesnya didalam sebuah sistem yang "stabil jauh dari keseimbangan".
Baca Lagi(klik judul)......
Humberto Maturana
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia...
Humberto Maturana (born September 14, 1928, in Santiago, Chile) is a Chilean biologist and philosopher. He is considered a member of the second wave of cybernetics, known for developing a theory of autopoiesis about the nature of reflexive feedback control in living systems.
Biography
After completing secondary school at the Liceo Manuel de Salas in 1947, Maturana enrolled at the University of Chile, studying first medicine then biology. In 1954, he obtained a scholarship from the Rockefeller Foundation to study anatomy and neurophysiology at University College London. He obtained a PhD in biology from Harvard University in 1958.
He works in neuroscience at the University of Chile, in the research center "Biología del Conocer" (Biology of Knowledge). Maturana's work has been developed and integrated into the work on Ontological coaching done by Fernando Flores and Julio Olalla.
As of the year 2000, professor Maturana established his own reflection and research center: the Instituto de Formación Matriztica.
Work
Maturana's work extends to philosophy and cognitive science and even to family therapy. He was early inspired by the work of the biologist Jakob von Uexküll.
Constructivist epistemology
Maturana and his student Francisco Varela were the first to define and employ the concept of autopoiesis. Aside from making important contributions to the field of evolution, Maturana is also a founder of constructivist epistemology or radical constructivism, an epistemology built upon empirical findings of neurobiology.
Maturana and Varela wrote in their Santiago Theory of Cognition: "Living systems are cognitive systems, and living as a process is a process of cognition. This statement is valid for all organisms, with or without a nervous system."[2]
Cultural biology
At the Instituto de Formación Matríztica Maturana has contributed extensively to the Biology of knowledge and the biology of loving. At this point, Maturana has formulated new perspectives about human life and continues to do so. Psychology, the use of language, experience, and the general impulse to understand serve as explanatory bases for the depiction of human ways of life. In this way, they are proposing the notion of "Cultural biology" as the intertwinement and dynamic of the biology of knowledge and the biology of loving as a manner to present both cultural and biological bases of human existence.
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